Phototherapy
Vitiligo is a chronic, autoimmune condition caused by the destruction of melanocytes which results in skin depigmentation. The autoimmune process is multifactorial but is believed to be mainly driven by cytotoxic T-cells.
Over the past several years, narrowband-ultraviolet B (NB-UVB) phototherapy has proven to be an effective treatment option for conditions such as vitiligo and it can be used as monotherapy, in laser form, or in combination with topical or systemic agents.
Excimer Laser Machine
The exact mechanism is unknown but phototherapy is believed to treat vitiligo by causing a decrease in inflammatory cytokines while simultaneously stimulating melanocytes within the hair follicle.
Phototherapy for vitiligo can also be delivered using an excimer laser (308 nm). This highly focused and precise beam of UVB is a good option for localized vitiligo and for pediatric patients who cannot tolerate treatment in a phototherapy booth. Furthermore, the laser does not expose normal skin to the UVB and can access areas that may be difficult to treat with standard phototherapy (such as the ears and genitals). The efficacy of excimer laser in the treatment of vitiligo differs by anatomic site, depigmentation on the face and neck are highly respondent areas, while extremities lesions may show a slower response.
While there are many treatment options for vitiligo, phototherapy has many advantages, which makes it an excellent option for pediatric and adult patients suffering from vitiligo.
